Identifying of posture types

Lordotic posture - Lordosis
Lordosis is an exaggerated curve in the lumbar region of the spine. It can give a appearance of a deeper than normal hollow of the lower back. In this posture, the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) is tilted forward and is lower than posterior superior iliac spine(ASIS), creating an increased curvature of the lumber spine.
This usually occur when the abdominal and the gluteus maximus are lengthen and the hip flexor and back extensor are shortened. In this case, the increased lumbar lordosis can give rise to compressio of the facet joint of the spine; amnay of times, creating some pain and discomfort.

lifestyle that may have contributed to this-

1. pregnancy
2. High level of abdominal body fat
3. genetic
   
4. dancers and gymnasts who are prone to hyperextend their lumbar for certain movement
   

Flat back posture
In this posture, the lumbar curve is reduced, giving a flatten appearance to the lower spine. There is lack of mobility in the lumbar region

Lifestyle that may have contributed to this-

1. Prolonged sitting with incorrect posture at the desk
2. Prolonged driving in the incorrect posture
3. Lack of/poor level of core stability
4. incorrect techniques when doing sit-ups

Kyphosis
An exaggarated curvature in the thoracic region. give one the impression of a rounded-shoulder and hunched back look. This posture usually occur as a result of shortening of the muscles that protact the shoulder girdles-the pectoral muscles and the lengthening of the muscles that retract the shoulder girdle.
As the shoulder round forwards, away from the desired 'plumb line', it pull the thoracic spine forwards into a flexed position. The weight of the arm adds weight which will increase the pull forward, which cause the scapulae to slide around the ribcag. this will cause a restricted movement in the shoulder girdle and the shoulder joint.

Lifestyle that may have contributed to this-

1. lack of confidence or self-esteem
2. looking on the floor while walking
3. spending long hours in an office working in front of the computer using a keyboard
4. working as a driver for long hours
5. women with larger breasts
6. being tall (hiding the height)
7. Breast-feeding for long hours
   
8. low bone density.osteoporosis

Reference: Fitness professionals: Pilates method (Postures assessment pg 129 - 134)